Abstract: We apply the innovations method to Viterbi decoding of convolutional codes. First, we calculate the covariance matrix of the innovation (i.e., the soft-decision input to the main decoder in ...
In this work, we studied, formalized, and measured an important aspect of large language models (LLMs): their (in)ability to separate instruction from data in the inputs. Consider the following input ...
Abstract: In coding theory, codes are usually designed with a certain level of randomness to facilitate analysis and accommodate different channel conditions. However, the resulting random code ...
Google’s new Gemini 3 AI model is beating the pants off OpenAI’s ChatGPT, and it’s embedded in an array of Google products — a threat that Microsoft can’t ignore. Three years ago, OpenAI jumpstarted ...
Each winter, thousands and thousands of bats hibernate inside Tippy Dam on the Manistee River. And the bats inside Tippy Dam are special: They’ve managed to survive an epidemic that’s wiped out bat ...
Sam Altman issues “code red” as Gemini 3 overtakes OpenAI on key AI benchmarks. Ads, shopping agents and new features paused as teams refocus on core ChatGPT upgrades. OpenAI prioritises speed, ...
Airline boarding passes can be a mystery of acronyms, but one code could mean the difference between getting on a flight or being left behind. That unlucky code is "GTE," "gate," or "see agent," which ...
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