Artificial intelligence is everywhere. In fact, each reader of this article could have multiple AI apps operating on the very ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

No. 3 May, 2010 pp. 1401-2180 No. 2 March, 2010 pp. 619-1400 No. 1 January, 2010 pp. 1-618 ...

Abstract: For many pupils, learning mathematics has been a significant problem. The growth of computer technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), offers a solution to this problem by ...

An illustration of a magnifying glass. An illustration of a magnifying glass.

Abstract: Under sampling is a popular technique for unbalanced datasets to reduce the skew in class distributions. However, it is well-known that under sampling one class modifies the priors of the ...

Pure mathematics uses mathematics to explore abstract ideas, mathematics that does not necessarily describe a real physical system. This can include developing the fundamental tools used by ...