Abstract: The conventional model reference adaptive system (MRAS) employs a proportional-integral (PI) controller with a low-pass filter (LPF). However, the LPF and integrator add phase delay and DC ...
Crowbar circuits have long been the go-to safeguard against overvoltage conditions, prized for their simplicity and ...
Abstract: In this study, we propose a modified model predictive control (MMPC) approach combined with an adaptive second-order disturbance observer (ASDO) for efficient speed control of permanent ...
For people who build their own model trains there are a range of manufacturers from whom a power bogie containing the motor ...