For more than a century, thermodynamics has described how heat flows and engines run, while quantum mechanics has ruled the ...

Thermodynamic spontaneity—whether a reaction can go—can be measured by changes in either of two parameters: entropy or free energy.

More than 200 years ago, Count Rumford showed that heat isn’t a mysterious substance but something you can generate endlessly ...

According to the theory, our reality is encoded on the boundary of a black hole within a much larger universe.

What if we could peer into the brain and watch how it organizes information as we act, perceive, or make decisions? A new ...

What if we could peer into the brain and watch how it organizes information as we act, perceive, or make decisions? A new ...

The unique properties of high-entropy alloys make them ideal for hydrogen storage, offering advantages in stability and ...

For decades, black holes have stood as the most enigmatic objects in the universe, defying our understanding of space, time, ...

For much of the past century, science has often been presented as standing in quiet opposition to belief in God. The deeper ...

Calling consciousness an "entropic engine" points to something psychologically obvious: selfhood costs energy. Maintaining a stable "me" model across time, contexts, and internal contradictions ...