Abstract: The breakdown voltage (VBD) of each single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) in a large array typically varies due to process variations, leading to variations in excess bias voltage (VEX) and ...

Crowbar circuits have long been the go-to safeguard against overvoltage conditions, prized for their simplicity and ...

Hydrogen production through water electrolysis is a cornerstone of the clean energy transition, but it relies on efficient ...

RIKEN researchers have discovered how right-handed molecules in our cells can give rise to cells that are not symmetrical ...