Physicists have long treated mass as a basic ingredient of nature, something particles simply possess, even as the Higgs mechanism explained only part of the story. A new wave of theoretical work now ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and ...

Daniel Liberto is a journalist with over 10 years of experience working with publications such as the Financial Times, The Independent, and Investors Chronicle. Robert Kelly is managing director of ...

Capturing the first image of a supermassive black hole using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). This image of the black hole at the center of the nearby galaxy M87 reveals how gravitation affects the ...

Can you chip in? As an independent nonprofit, the Internet Archive is fighting for universal access to quality information. We build and maintain all our own systems, but we don’t charge for access, ...

Ask the publishers to restore access to 500,000+ books. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. A line drawing of the Internet Archive headquarters building ...

The Dark Forest theory is one proposed solution to the famed Fermi Paradox, which has bewitched astronomers for more than half a century. To put it concisely, the paradox asks if the cosmos is nearly ...

In 1980, Stephen Hawking gave his first lecture as Lucasian Professor at the University of Cambridge. The lecture was called “Is the end in sight for theoretical physics?” Hawking, who later became my ...