X-Ray diffraction (XRD) is a prevalent analytical technique in the industrial analysis of cement-based materials, playing a crucial role in the construction industry where cement is utilized to ...

XRD works by directing X-rays onto a crystalline material and analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted beams. The atomic planes within the crystal act as a three-dimensional grating, ...

The global oil trade is a complex and highly lucrative industry that relies on accurate analysis of crude oil samples. Ensuring the quality, origin, and authenticity of oil samples is crucial for ...

This article analyzes lithium carbonate (Li ₂ CO ₃) extracted from salars using X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Salars, which are salt flats or salt pans, are sources of lithium, where Li ₂ CO ₃ or LiOH is ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...