A 35-year-old woman with a long-standing history of lower extremity swelling developed worsening symptoms of excessive vaginal bleeding, abdominal discomfort, and severe bilateral lower extremity ...

REPORTS from diverse clinics 1–3 have indicated the usefulness of the venographic study of the iliac and inferior-vena-cava system in venous occlusive disease and extrinsic disease in the ...

A 49-year-old man presented to the outpatient department with gradually progressive pedal edema and dull aching pain in the right hypochondrium. He had no history of venous intervention or ...

Absence of isolated infrarenal inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare condition documented in only a few published cases and typically treated with anticoagulation. We herein describe successful surgical ...